The Kaziranga National Park, India is a national reserve park in the Golaghat and Nagaon districts of the state of Assam, India. A World Heritage Site, the Kaziranga National Park is a home to two-thirds of the world's Great One-horned Rhinoceroses. Kaziranga boasts of the highest density of tigers among protected areas in the world and was declared as the Tiger Reserve in 2006. The park now also houses large breeding populations of elephants, wild water buffalo and swamp deer. The Kaziranga National Park, India is recognized as an Important Bird Area by Birdlife International for conservation of avifaunal species. Compared to other protected areas in India, Kaziranga has achieved prominent success in wildlife conservation. Located on the edge of the Eastern Himalaya a hotspot of biodiversity, the park combines high species mixture and visibility.
The Kaziranga National Park, India is a vast stretch of tall elephant grass, marshland and dense tropical humid broadleaf forests, crisscrossed by four major rivers, including the Brahmaputra. The park includes numerous small water bodies. Kaziranga has been the theme of several books, songs and documentaries. The park celebrated its centennial in 2005 after its establishment in 1905 as a reserve forest.
The Kaziranga reserve forest contains significant breeding populations of 35 mammalian species, of which 15 are threatened as per the IUCN Red List. The park also has the characteristic of being home to the world's largest population of the Great Indian One-Horned Rhinoceros (1,855), Wild Asiatic Water Buffalo (1,666) and Eastern Swamp Deer (468). Significant populations of large herbivores include elephants (1,940), gaur (30) and sambar (58). Small herbivores include the Indian Muntjac, wild boar, and hog deer.